NewsAt COP16, countries clash over future of global fund for nature protection

At COP16, countries clash over future of global fund for nature protection

Some biodiverse developing nations want to replace it with a new fund that would give them a bigger say in how it’s run and easier access to its resources

Two years ago, at the COP15 UN biodiversity summit in Montreal, 196 countries agreed to set up a fund for projects to conserve and restore nature – but it has struggled to attract large contributions. Now, at COP16 in Cali, government negotiators are clashing over what to do with it.

A group of developing countries – concerned about their access to the existing fund – is pushing a proposal to establish a new fund for biodiversity under the COP. The plan is for it to replace the one created in Montreal, which is managed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF), and offer biodiversity-rich developing countries a bigger say in how it is run.

“Biodiversity finance should be flowing to where biodiversity is. The voice of countries bearing a greater burden should count more than it does in the GEF governance system,” Brazilian negotiator André Aranha Corrêa do Lago said at the opening session of COP16 on Monday.

Experts told Climate Home News the future of the fund could become the biggest issue for debate at the Colombia summit, adding that disagreements over the developing-country proposal were starting to obstruct progress on other finance negotiations.

COP16 confronts “huge” challenge of protecting 30% of world’s land and sea

Old divisions re-emerge

In 2022, countries decided to host the newly created Global Biodiversity Framework Fund (GBFF) at the GEF – a multilateral agency co-founded by the World Bank and other UN agencies – through to 2030, with the option to extend the arrangement after that year.

Some developing nations strongly opposed the GEF as host of the fund, fearing they would not have enough influence over it, with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) objecting to the entire new global nature pact agreed in Montreal due to the row about the fund.

Decisions about what to do with the fund’s money are made by a council that has 16 members from developing countries, 14 from developed countries, and two from the countries of central and eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union.

The fund is supposed to provide “enhanced access for Indigenous peoples and local communities, according to their own priorities”. But, in a recent briefing shared with Climate Home, Survival International argues that conflating Indigenous peoples and local communities is “highly problematic” – and claims the GEF does not have adequate safeguards to ensure consent from Indigenous people.

Survival International, a campaign group for the rights of tribal people, also says the fund’s portfolio “so far is dominated by UN agencies and a select handful of mostly US-based conservation organisations” and reinforces “old and failing models of top-down, colonial conservation especially through the establishment of national parks”.

This week,

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